![]() ![]() Hikikomori, a form of severe and prolonged social withdrawal, began to garner attention in Japan especially after the publication of Hikikomori: Adolescence Without End by a psychiatrist/psychopathologist, T. Further investigations with larger samples are warranted for validation. Persons with hikikomori may also have difficulty in becoming independent emotionally from primitive dependence and attachment on significant others. The present results suggest that persons with hikikomori are more likely to express emotions indirectly and expect others to presume their feelings and thoughts. In addition, frequency of SumT was higher in HK patients. Among CS variables, HK patients showed higher scores on FC (Form Color) and SumT (total number of texture-related responses). Regarding the SCID-II personality questionnaire, various personality traits including passive aggressive trait were significantly higher in HK patients. All the 40 participants conducted the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II) personality questionnaire and CS. Twenty-two patients with hikikomori (HK patients) and 18 patients without hikikomori (non-HK patients) participated in the present study. Participants were recruited from the Mood Disorder/Hikikomori Clinic at Kyushu University Hospital. Therefore, we herein conducted a pilot case–control study using CS in clinical cases with and without hikikomori condition. Until now, no CS research has been conducted focusing on hikikomori. The Rorschach Comprehensive System (CS) has been established as the most reliable scoring method. The Rorschach test is one of the most popular psychological assessment tools to evaluate deeper personality traits. However, deeper psychological aspects have not been well clarified. Loneliness, avoidant personality, Japanese culture-related attachment style (“amae”), and difficulty in expressing emotions are suggested to be related to hikikomori. Hikikomori, a form of severe social withdrawal more than 6 months, has increasingly become a crucial issue especially among adolescents. 3Center for Health Science and Counseling, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.2Department of Social Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), San Sebastián, Spain. ![]() 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.Ryoko Katsuki 1†, Ayako Inoue 1†, Sílvia Indias 1,2, Keita Kurahara 1, Nobuki Kuwano 1, Fumika Funatsu 3, Hiroaki Kubo 1, Shigenobu Kanba 1 and Takahiro A. ![]()
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